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    US Code, Title 32 (2013 edition)

    US Code, Title 32 (2013 edition) — NATIONAL GUARD

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    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="usc.css" /> <title>U.S.C. Title 32 - NATIONAL GUARD </title> <!-- AUTHORITIES-PUBLICATION-NAME:2012 Edition and Supplement I --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-PUBLICATION-ID:2012SUPP113 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-PUBLICATION-YEAR:2013 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-LAWS-ENACTED-THROUGH-DATE:20140116 --> <!-- SEARCHABLE-LAWS-ENACTED-THROUGH-DATE:January 16th, 2014 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-USC-TITLE-NAME:TITLE 32 - NATIONAL GUARD --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-USC-TITLE-ENUM:32 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-USC-TITLE-STATUS:positive-law --> <!-- CONVERSION-PROGRAM:xy2html.pm-0.381-20140618 --> <!-- CONVERSION-DATETIME:20140721102612 --> </head> <body width="700"> <div> <!-- PDFPage:1 --> <!-- documentid:32_ currentthrough:20140116 documentPDFPage:-1 --> <!-- itempath:/320 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAA --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD --> <!-- field-start:titlehead --> <h1 class="usc-title-head">TITLE 32&mdash;NATIONAL GUARD</h1> <!-- field-end:titlehead --> <!-- field-start:titleenactmentcredit --> <p class="usc-title-ital-spanner">This title was enacted by act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, &sect;2, 70A Stat. 596</p> <!-- field-end:titleenactmentcredit --> <!-- field-start:analysis --> <div class="analysis"> <div><div class="analysis-head-left">Chap.</div><div class="analysis-head-right">Sec.</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">1.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Organization</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">101</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">3.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Personnel</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">301</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">5.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Training</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">501</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">7.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Service, Supply, and Procurement</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">701</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">9.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Homeland Defense Activities</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">901</div></div> </div> <p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</p> <!-- field-end:analysis --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:amendment-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4> <p class="note-body"><b>2004</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 108&ndash;375, div. A, title V, &sect;512(a)(2), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1880, added item for chapter 9.</p> <table class="uscdispo2col" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Table Showing Disposition of All Sections of Former Title </cap-smallcap>32</caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Title&#160;32 <p class="intabledata">Former&#160;Sections</p></em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Title&#160;32 <p class="intabledata">New&#160;Sections</p></em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">1</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;311</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">2</td> <td class="right">101; T. 10 &sect;101</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">3</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;312</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">4</td> <td class="right">305, 313</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">4a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">4b</td> <td class="right">101; T. 10 &sect;101</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">4c (1st 33 words)</td> <td class="right">101; T. 10 &sect;101</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">4c (less 1st 33 words)</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">5, 6</td> <td class="right">104</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">7</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">8</td> <td class="right">104</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">9</td> <td class="right">103</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">10 (proviso)</td> <td class="right">104</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">10 (less proviso)</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3542, 8542</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">11&ndash;14</td> <td class="right">314</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">15</td> <td class="right">105</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">16</td> <td class="right">104</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">17</td> <td class="right">110</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">18&ndash;20</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">21</td> <td class="right">106</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">22</td> <td class="right">107</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">23</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">24</td> <td class="right">108</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">25</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">26</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">31</td> <td class="right">701</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">32</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">33</td> <td class="right">702</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">34</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">35</td> <td class="right">702</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">36</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">37</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">38</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">39, 39a</td> <td class="right">703</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">40</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">42, 42a</td> <td class="right">709</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">43</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">44</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">45</td> <td class="right">712</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">46</td> <td class="right">711</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">47</td> <td class="right">710</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">47&ndash;1, 47a</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">47b, 48</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">49, 50</td> <td class="right">708</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">51</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">61</td> <td class="right">501</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">62</td> <td class="right">502</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">63</td> <td class="right">503</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">64</td> <td class="right">504</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">65</td> <td class="right">505</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">66, 67</td> <td class="right">506</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">68, 69</td> <td class="right">315</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">70</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">71</td> <td class="right">507</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">72</td> <td class="right">317</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">73</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">74</td> <td class="right">707</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">75</td> <td class="right">Rep. See T. 5 &sect;&sect;502, 3551, 5534, 6323(a), (b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">76</td> <td class="right">Rep. See T. 5 &sect;6323(a), (b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">81</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">81a</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3500, 8500</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">81b</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3501, 8501</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">81c</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">82</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3499, 8499</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">83</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3502, 8502</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">84</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">85, 86</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">91</td> <td class="right">326</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">92</td> <td class="right">327</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">93</td> <td class="right">328</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">94</td> <td class="right">329</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">95</td> <td class="right">330</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">96</td> <td class="right">331</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">97</td> <td class="right">332, 333</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">111</td> <td class="right">305, 307</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">112</td> <td class="right">312</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">113</td> <td class="right">307</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">113a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">114</td> <td class="right">324</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">115</td> <td class="right">323; T. 10 &sect;&sect;3820, 8820</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">121, 122</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">123</td> <td class="right">304</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">124</td> <td class="right">302</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">125</td> <td class="right">322</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">131</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">132, 133</td> <td class="right">303</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">134</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">141, 142</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">142a&ndash;143a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">144&ndash;148</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">149&ndash;152</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">153</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">154 (last proviso of 2d par.)</td> <td class="right">710</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">154 (2d par., less last proviso)</td> <td class="right">T. 31 &sect;698a</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">154 (last par.)</td> <td class="right">303, 322, 323</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">154 (less 2d and last pars.)</td> <td class="right">Rep. See T. 37 &sect;&sect;206(a), (b), 402(b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">155</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">156</td> <td class="right">705; T. 10 &sect;&sect;4621, 9621</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">157</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158</td> <td class="right">503</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">159, 160</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">160a</td> <td class="right">318, 321; T. 10 &sect;&sect;3687, 3688, 3721, 8687, 8688, 8721</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">160b</td> <td class="right">3687 nt.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">160c&ndash;164</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">164a, 164b</td> <td class="right">319</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">164c</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">164d</td> <td class="right">320; T. 10 &sect;&sect;3723, 8723</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">164e</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">171</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">172, 173</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;3015</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">174</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3541, 8541</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">175</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3496, 8496</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">176</td> <td class="right">T. 31 &sect;698</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">181</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4308</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">181a</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4312</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">181b</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;4312, 4313</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">181c</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4308</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">181d, 181e</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">182</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4307</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">183</td> <td class="right">316; T. 10 &sect;4310</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">184</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4310</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">185</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">186</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4309</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">191</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">192, 193</td> <td class="right">104 nt.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">194(b)</td> <td class="right">109. Rep. in part.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">194 (less (b))</td> <td class="right">109</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">195</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">196</td> <td class="right">713</td> </tr> </table> <!-- field-end:amendment-note --> <!-- field-start:miscellaneous-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Positive Law; Citation</h4> <p class="note-body">This title has been made positive law by section 2 of act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 596, which provided in part that: &quot;Title 32 of the United States Code, entitled &apos;National Guard&apos;, is revised, codified, and enacted into law, and may be cited as &apos;Title 32, United States Code, &sect;&mdash;.&apos;&#160;&quot;</p> <!-- PDFPage:2 --><!-- field-end:miscellaneous-note --> <!-- field-start:repeal-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Repeals</h4> <p class="note-body">Act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, &sect;53, 70A Stat. 641, repealed the sections or parts of sections of the Revised Statutes or Statutes at Large covering provisions codified in this act, &quot;except with respect to rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun, before the effective date of this act [Aug. 10, 1956] and except as provided in section 49&quot;.</p> <!-- field-end:repeal-note --> <!-- field-start:severability-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Savings and Severability Provisions</h4> <p class="note-body">Act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, &sect;49, 70A Stat. 640, provided that:</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(a) In sections 1&ndash;48 of this Act, it is the legislative purpose to restate, without substantive change, the law replaced by those sections on the effective date of this Act. However, laws effective after March 31, 1955, that are inconsistent with this Act shall be considered as superseding it to the extent of the inconsistency.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(b) References that other laws, regulations, and orders make to the replaced law shall be considered to be made to the corresponding provisions of sections 1&ndash;48.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(c) Actions taken and offenses committed under the replaced law shall be considered to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provisions of sections 1&ndash;48.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(d) If a part of this Act is invalid, all valid parts that are severable from the invalid part remain in effect. If a part of this Act is invalid in one or more of its applications, the part remains in effect in all valid applications that are severable from the invalid applications.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(e) In chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code, enacted by section 1 of this Act, no inference of a legislative construction is to be drawn from the part in which any article is placed nor from the catchlines of the part or the article as set out in that chapter.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(f) The enactment of this Act does not increase or decrease the pay or allowances, including retired pay and retainer pay, of any person.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(g) The enactment of this Act does not affect the status of persons who, on the effective date of this Act, have the status of warrant officer, of the Army Mine Planter Service.&quot;</p> <!-- field-end:severability-note --> <!-- field-start:miscellaneous-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Restatement of Suspended or Temporarily Superseded Provisions</h4> <p class="note-body">Act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, &sect;50, 70A Stat. 640, provided that: &quot;If on the effective date of this Act a provision of law that is restated in this Act and repealed by section 53 would have been in a suspended or temporarily superseded status but for its repeal, the provisions of this Act that restate that provision have the same suspended or temporarily superseded status.&quot;</p> <!-- field-end:miscellaneous-note --> <!-- field-start:repeal-severability-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Improvement of United States Code by Pub. L. 85&ndash;861; Legislative Purpose; Repeal of Inconsistent Provisions; Corresponding Provisions; Savings and Severability Provisions; Status; Repeals</h4> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 85&ndash;861, &sect;34, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1568, provided that:</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(a) In sections 1&ndash;32 of this Act, it is the legislative purpose to restate, without substantive change, the law replaced by those sections on the effective date of this Act. However, laws effective after December 31, 1957, that are inconsistent with this Act shall be considered as superseding it to the extent of the inconsistency.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(b) References that other laws, regulations, and orders make to the replaced law shall be considered to be made to the corresponding provisions of sections 1&ndash;32.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(c) Actions taken under the replaced law shall be considered to have been taken under the corresponding provisions of sections 1&ndash;32.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(d) If a part of this Act is invalid, all valid parts that are severable from the invalid part remain in effect. If a part of this Act is invalid in one or more of its applications, the part remains in effect in all valid applications that are severable from the invalid applications.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(e) The enactment of this Act does not increase or decrease the pay or allowances, including retired and retainer pay, of any person.&quot;</p> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 85&ndash;861, &sect;35, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1568, provided that: &quot;If on the effective date of this Act [Sept. 2, 1958] a provision of law that is restated in this Act and repealed by section 36 would have been in a suspended or temporarily superseded status but for its repeal, the provisions of this Act that restate that provision have the same suspended or temporarily superseded status.&quot;</p> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 85&ndash;861, &sect;36, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1568, repealed certain laws except with respect to rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun, before Sept. 2, 1958.</p> <!-- field-end:repeal-severability-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- documentid:32_-ch1 currentthrough:20140116 documentPDFPage:2 --> <!-- itempath:/320/CHAPTER 1 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAB --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD!@!CHAPTER 1-ORGANIZATION --> <!-- field-start:structuralhead --> <h3 class="chapter-head"><strong>CHAPTER 1&mdash;ORGANIZATION</strong></h3> <!-- field-end:structuralhead --> <!-- field-start:analysis --> <div class="analysis"> <div><div class="analysis-head-left">Sec.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">101.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Definitions.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">102.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">General policy.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">103.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Branches and organizations.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">104.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Units: location; organization; command.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">105.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Inspection.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">106.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Annual appropriations.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">107.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Availability of appropriations.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">108.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Forfeiture of Federal benefits.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">109.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Maintenance of other troops.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">110.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Regulations.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">111.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Suspension of certain provisions of this title.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">112.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Drug interdiction and counter-drug activities.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">113.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Federal financial assistance for support of additional duties assigned to the Army National Guard.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">114.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Funeral honors functions at funerals for veterans.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">115.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Funeral honors duty performed as a Federal function.</div></div> </div> <p>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</p> <!-- field-end:analysis --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:amendment-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4> <p class="note-body"><b>1999</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 106&ndash;65, div. A, title V, &sect;578(k)(3)(B), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 631, added items 114 and 115 and struck out former item 114 &quot;Honor guard functions at funerals for veterans&quot;.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1997</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 105&ndash;85, div. A, title III, &sect;386(b), title V, &sect;517(b), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1713, 1734, added items 113 and 114.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1989</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 101&ndash;189, div. A, title XII, &sect;1207(a)(2), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1566, added item 112.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1971</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 92&ndash;119, &sect;1(b), Aug. 13, 1971, 85 Stat. 340, substituted &quot;Availability&quot; for &quot;Apportionment&quot; in item 107.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1958</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 85&ndash;861, &sect;2(4), Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1543, added item 111.</p> <!-- field-end:amendment-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- documentid:32_101 usckey:320000000010100000000000000000000 currentthrough:20140116 documentPDFPage:2 --> <!-- itempath:/320/CHAPTER 1/Sec. 101 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAC --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD!@!CHAPTER 1-ORGANIZATION!@!Sec. 101 --> <!-- field-start:head --> <h3 class="section-head">&sect;101. Definitions</h3> <!-- field-end:head --> <!-- field-start:statute --> <p class="statutory-body">In addition to the definitions in sections 1&ndash;5 of title 1, the following definitions apply in this title:</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(1) For purposes of other laws relating to the militia, the National Guard, the Army National Guard of the United States, and the Air National Guard of the United States, the term &quot;Territory&quot; includes Guam and the Virgin Islands.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(2) &quot;Armed forces&quot; means the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(3) &quot;National Guard&quot; means the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(4) &quot;Army National Guard&quot; means that part of the organized militia of the several States and Territories, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, active and inactive, that&mdash;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(A) is a land force;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(B) is trained, and has its officers appointed, under the sixteenth clause of section 8, article I, of the Constitution;</p> <!-- PDFPage:3 --><p class="statutory-body-2em">(C) is organized, armed, and equipped wholly or partly at Federal expense; and</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(D) is federally recognized.</p> <br class="Q04" /> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(5) &quot;Army National Guard of the United States&quot; means the reserve component of the Army all of whose members are members of the Army National Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(6) &quot;Air National Guard&quot; means that part of the organized militia of the several States and Territories, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, active and inactive, that&mdash;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(A) is an air force;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(B) is trained, and has its officers appointed, under the sixteenth clause of section 8, article I of the Constitution;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(C) is organized, armed, and equipped wholly or partly at Federal expense; and</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(D) is federally recognized.</p> <br class="Q04" /> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(7) &quot;Air National Guard of the United States&quot; means the reserve component of the Air Force all of whose members are members of the Air National Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(8) &quot;Officer&quot; means commissioned or warrant officer.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(9) &quot;Enlisted member&quot; means a person enlisted in, or inducted, called, or conscripted into, an armed force in an enlisted grade.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(10) &quot;Grade&quot; means a step or degree, in a graduated scale of office or military rank, that is established and designated as a grade by law or regulation.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(11) &quot;Rank&quot; means the order of precedence among members of the armed forces.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(12) &quot;Active duty&quot; means full-time duty in the active military service of the United States. It includes such Federal duty as full-time training duty, annual training duty, and attendance, while in the active military service, at a school designated as a service school by law or by the Secretary of the military department concerned. It does not include full-time National Guard duty.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(13) &quot;Supplies&quot; includes material, equipment, and stores of all kinds.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(14) &quot;Shall&quot; is used in an imperative sense.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(15) &quot;May&quot; is used in a permissive sense. The words &quot;no person may *&#160;*&#160;*&quot; mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act prescribed.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(16) &quot;Includes&quot; means &quot;includes but is not limited to&quot;.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(17) &quot;Pay&quot; includes basic pay, special pay, incentive pay, retired pay, and equivalent pay, but does not include allowances.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(18) &quot;Spouse&quot; means husband or wife, as the case may be.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(19) &quot;Full-time National Guard duty&quot; means training or other duty, other than inactive duty, performed by a member of the Army National Guard of the United States or the Air National Guard of the United States in the member's status as a member of the National Guard of a State or territory, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the District of Columbia under section 316, 502, 503, 504, or 505 of this title for which the member is entitled to pay from the United States or for which the member has waived pay from the United States.</p> <!-- field-end:statute --> <!-- field-start:sourcecredit --> <p class="source-credit">(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 596; Pub. L. 85&ndash;861, &sect;2(1), Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1542; Pub. L. 86&ndash;70, &sect;27, June 25, 1959, 73 Stat. 148; Pub. L. 86&ndash;624, &sect;22, July 12, 1960, 74 Stat. 417; Pub. L. 92&ndash;492, &sect;2(a), Oct. 13, 1972, 86 Stat. 810; Pub. L. 96&ndash;513, title V, &sect;507(a), Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 2919; Pub. L. 96&ndash;600, &sect;3(a), Dec. 24, 1980, 94 Stat. 3493; Pub. L. 98&ndash;525, title IV, &sect;414(b)(1), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2519; Pub. L. 100&ndash;456, div. A, title XII, &sect;1234(b)(1), Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 2059; Pub. L. 109&ndash;163, div. A, title X, &sect;1057(b)(1), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3441.)</p> <!-- field-end:sourcecredit --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:historicalandrevision-note --> <table class="uschistrev" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Historical and Revision Notes</cap-smallcap><br />1956 <cap-smallcap>Act</cap-smallcap></caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Revised section</em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Source (U.S. Code)</em></th><th id="row0col2"><em>Source (Statutes at Large)</em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">101(1)<p class="intabledata">101(2)</p><p class="intabledata">101(3)</p></td> <td class="middle">32:4c (1st 33 words).<p class="intabledata">[No source].</p><p class="intabledata">32:2.</p><p class="intabledata">32:4b. </p></td> <td class="right">June 3, 1916, ch. 134, &sect;62 (1st 36 words of last proviso), 39 Stat. 198.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">101(4)</td> <td class="middle">50:1112(a) (for definition purposes).</td> <td class="right">June 3, 1916, ch. 134, &sect;117, 39 Stat. 212.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">101(5)<p class="intabledata"></p>&#160;<p class="intabledata"></p>&#160;<p class="intabledata">101(6)</p><p class="intabledata"></p>&#160;<p class="intabledata"></p>&#160;<p class="intabledata">101(7)</p><p class="intabledata">101(8)</p><p class="intabledata">101(9)</p><p class="intabledata">101(10)</p><p class="intabledata">101(11)</p><p class="intabledata">101(12)</p><p class="intabledata">101(13)</p><p class="intabledata">101(14)</p><p class="intabledata">101(15)</p><p class="intabledata">101(16)</p></td> <td class="middle">10:1835 (less last 16 words).<p class="intabledata">32:2.</p><p class="intabledata">32:4b.</p><p class="intabledata">50:1112(b) (for definition purposes).</p><p class="intabledata">[No source].</p><p class="intabledata">[No source].</p><p class="intabledata">[No source].</p><p class="intabledata">[No source].</p><p class="intabledata">[No source].</p><p class="intabledata">[No source].</p><p class="intabledata">[No source].</p><p class="intabledata">[No source].</p><p class="intabledata">[No source].</p><p class="intabledata">[No source].</p></td> <td class="right">June 3, 1916, ch. 134, &sect;71; added June 15, 1933, ch. 87, &sect;9, 48 Stat. 157; Oct. 12, 1949, ch. 681, &sect;530, 63 Stat. 837; July 9, 1952, ch. 608, &sect;803 (9th par.), 66 Stat. 505.<p class="intabledata">July 9, 1952, ch. 608, &sect;702 (for definition purposes), 66 Stat. 501.</p><p class="intabledata">Sept. 19, 1951, ch. 407, &sect;305 (less last 16 words), 65 Stat. 330.</p></td> </tr> </table> <p class="note-body">The definitions in clauses (2) and (9)&ndash;(17) reflect the adoption of terminology which, though undefined in the source statutes restated in this title, represent the closest practicable approximation of the ways in which the terms defined have been most commonly used. Where established uses conflict, a choice has been made.</p> <p class="note-body">In clause (1), the definition of &quot;Territory&quot; in 32:4c is executed throughout this revised title by specific reference, where applicable, to the Territories, Puerto Rico, and the Canal Zone.</p> <p class="note-body">In clause (2), a definition of &quot;National Guard&quot; is inserted for clarity.</p> <p class="note-body">In clause (3)(A), the words &quot;a land force&quot; are substituted for 32:2. The National Defense Act of 1916, &sect;117 (last 66 words), 39 Stat. 212, is not contained in 32:2. It is also omitted from the revised section as repealed by the act of February 28, 1925, ch. 374, &sect;3, 43 Stat. 1081.</p> <p class="note-body">In clauses (3) and (4), the word &quot;Army&quot; is inserted to distinguish the organizations defined from their Air Force counterparts.</p> <p class="note-body">In clauses (3) and (5), the words &quot;unless the context or subject matter otherwise requires&mdash;&quot; and &quot;as provided in this title&quot;, in 32:4b, are omitted as surplusage.</p> <p class="note-body">In clauses (3)(B) and (5)(B), the words &quot;has its officers appointed&quot; are substituted for the word &quot;officered&quot;, in 32:4b.</p> <p class="note-body">In clauses (4) and (6), only that much of the description of the composition of the Army National Guard of the United States and the Air National Guard of the United States is used as is necessary to distinguish these reserve components, respectively, from the other reserve components.</p> <p class="note-body">In clause (5)(A), the words &quot;an air force&quot; are substituted for the words &quot;for which Federal responsibility has been vested in the Secretary of the Air Force or the Department of the Air Force pursuant to law&quot;, in 10:1835, and for 32:2 (less applicability to Army National Guard), to make the definition of &quot;Air National Guard&quot; parallel with the definition of &quot;Army National Guard&quot;, and to make explicit the intent of Congress in creating the Air National Guard, that the organized militia henceforth should consist of three mutually exhaustive classes comprising the Army, Air, and Naval militia.</p> <p class="note-body">In clause (8), words showing how enlisted members became such are inserted to make clear that enlist<!-- PDFPage:4 -->ment is not the only method of becoming a member in an enlisted grade.</p> <table class="uschistrev" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption>1958 <cap-smallcap>Act</cap-smallcap></caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Section of title 32</em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Source (U.S. Code)</em></th><th id="row0col2"><em>Source (Statutes at Large)</em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">101(2)</td> <td class="middle">[No source].</td> <td class="right">[No source].</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">101(18)</td> <td class="middle">[No source].</td> <td class="right">[No source].</td> </tr> </table> <p class="note-body">In clause (2), the term &quot;armed forces&quot; is defined for legislative convenience and is defined the same as that term is defined in section 101(4) of title 10, United States Code.</p> <p class="note-body">The definition in clause (18) reflects the adoption of terminology which, though undefined in the source statutes restated in this title, represents the closest practicable approximation of the ways in which the term has been commonly used.</p> <!-- field-end:historicalandrevision-note --> <!-- field-start:amendment-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4> <p class="note-body"><b>2006</b>&mdash;Cl. (1). Pub. L. 109&ndash;163 amended cl. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, cl. (1) read as follows: &quot;&#160;&apos;Territory&apos; means any Territory organized after this title is enacted, so long as it remains a Territory. However, for purposes of this title and other laws relating to the militia, the National Guard, the Army National Guard of the United States, and the Air National Guard of the United States, &apos;Territory&apos; includes Guam and the Virgin Islands.&quot;</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1988</b>&mdash;Cls. (4), (6). Pub. L. 100&ndash;456 struck out &quot;the Canal Zone,&quot; after &quot;Puerto Rico,&quot;.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1984</b>&mdash;Cl. (12). Pub. L. 98&ndash;525, &sect;414(b)(1)(A), inserted at end &quot;It does not include full-time National Guard duty.&quot;</p> <p class="note-body">Cl. (19). Pub. L. 98&ndash;525, &sect;414(b)(1)(B), added cl. (19).</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1980</b>&mdash;Cl. (1). Pub. L. 96&ndash;600 inserted reference to Guam.</p> <p class="note-body">Cl. (12). Pub. L. 96&ndash;513 struck out &quot;duty on the active list,&quot; after &quot;Federal duty as&quot;.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1972</b>&mdash;Cl. (1). Pub. L. 92&ndash;492 inserted provision including within term &quot;Territory&quot; for purposes of this title and other laws relating to the militia, the National Guard, the Army National Guard of the United States, and the Air National Guard of the United States, the Virgin Islands.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1960</b>&mdash;Cl. (1). Pub. L. 86&ndash;624 struck out reference to Hawaii.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1959</b>&mdash;Cl. (1). Pub. L. 86&ndash;70 struck out reference to Alaska.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1958</b>&mdash;Cls. (2) to (18). Pub. L. 85&ndash;861 added cls. (2) and (18) and renumbered former cls. (2) to (16) as (3) to (17), respectively.</p> <!-- field-end:amendment-note --> <!-- field-start:effectivedate-amendment-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Effective Date of 1980 Amendment</h4> <p class="note-body">Amendment by Pub. L. 96&ndash;513 effective Sept. 15, 1981, see section 701(a) of Pub. L. 96&ndash;513, set out as a note under section 101 of Title 10, Armed Forces.</p> <!-- field-end:effectivedate-amendment-note --> <!-- field-start:function-transfer-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Transfer of Functions</h4> <p class="note-body">For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.</p> <!-- field-end:function-transfer-note --> <!-- field-start:miscellaneous-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Official Designation of Salem, Massachusetts, as Birthplace of the National Guard of the United States</h4> <p class="note-body">Pub. L. 112&ndash;241, &sect;1, Jan. 10, 2013, 126 Stat. 2372, provided that:</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(a) <cap-smallcap>Findings</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;Congress makes the following findings:</p> <p class="note-body-1em">&quot;(1) In 1629, Captain John Endicott organized the first militia in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in Salem.</p> <p class="note-body-1em">&quot;(2) The colonists had adopted the English militia system, which required all males between the ages of 16 and 60 to possess arms and participate in the defense of the community.</p> <p class="note-body-1em">&quot;(3) In 1636, the Massachusetts General Court ordered the organization of three militia regiments, designated as the North, South, and East regiments.</p> <p class="note-body-1em">&quot;(4) These regiments drilled once a week and provided guard details each evening to sound the alarm in case of attack.</p> <p class="note-body-1em">&quot;(5) The East Regiment, the predecessor of the 101st Engineer Battalion, assembled as a regiment for the first time in 1637 on the Salem Common, marking the beginning of the Massachusetts National Guard and the National Guard of the United States.</p> <p class="note-body-1em">&quot;(6) Since 1785, Salem's own Second Corps of Cadets (101st and 102nd Field Artillery) has celebrated the anniversary of that first muster.</p> <p class="note-body-1em">&quot;(7) As the policy contained in section 102 of title 32, United States Code, clearly expresses, the National Guard continues its historic mission of providing units for the first line defense of the United States and current missions throughout the world.</p> <p class="note-body-1em">&quot;(8) The designation of the City of Salem, Massachusetts, as the Birthplace of the National Guard of the United States will contribute positively to tourism and economic development in the city, create jobs, and instill pride in both the local and State communities.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(b) <cap-smallcap>Designation of Salem, Massachusetts, as National Guard Birthplace</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;In light of the findings made in subsection (a), the City of Salem, Massachusetts, is hereby designated as the Birthplace of the National Guard of the United States.</p> <p class="note-body">&quot;(c) <cap-smallcap>Responsibilities.&mdash;</cap-smallcap></p> <p class="note-body-1em">&quot;(1) <cap-smallcap>Military ceremonial support</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;The Chief of the National Guard Bureau, in conjunction with the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary of the Air Force, the Council of Governors, and the Adjutant General of the State of Massachusetts, shall provide military ceremonial support at the dedication of any monument, plaque, or other form of official recognition placed in Salem, Massachusetts, celebrating the designation of Salem, Massachusetts, as the Birthplace of the National Guard of the United States.</p> <p class="note-body-1em">&quot;(2) <cap-smallcap>Funding source</cap-smallcap>.&mdash;Federal funds may not be used to design, procure, prepare, install, or maintain any monument, plaque, or other form of official recognition placed in Salem, Massachusetts, celebrating the designation of Salem, Massachusetts, as the Birthplace of the National Guard of the United States, but the Adjutant General of the State of Massachusetts may accept and expend contributions of non-Federal funds for this purpose.&quot;</p> <!-- field-end:miscellaneous-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- documentid:32_102 usckey:320000000010200000000000000000000 currentthrough:20140116 documentPDFPage:4 --> <!-- itempath:/320/CHAPTER 1/Sec. 102 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAD --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD!@!CHAPTER 1-ORGANIZATION!@!Sec. 102 --> <!-- field-start:head --> <h3 class="section-head">&sect;102. General policy</h3> <!-- field-end:head --> <!-- field-start:statute --> <p class="statutory-body">In accordance with the traditional military policy of the United States, it is essential that the strength and organization of the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard as an integral part of the first line defenses of the United States be maintained and assured at all times. Whenever Congress determines that more units and organizations are needed for the national security than are in the regular components of the ground and air forces, the Army National Guard of the United States and the Air National Guard of the United States, or such parts of them as are needed, together with such units of other reserve components as are necessary for a balanced force, shall be ordered to active Federal duty and retained as long as so needed.</p> <!-- field-end:statute --> <!-- field-start:sourcecredit --> <p class="source-credit">(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 597.)</p> <!-- PDFPage:5 --><!-- field-end:sourcecredit --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:historicalandrevision-note --> <table class="uschistrev" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Historical and Revision Notes</cap-smallcap></caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Revised section</em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Source (U.S. Code)</em></th><th id="row0col2"><em>Source (Statutes at Large)</em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">102</td> <td class="middle">50:921(b).</td> <td class="right">July 9, 1952, ch. 608, &sect;201(b), 66 Stat. 482.</td> </tr> </table> <p class="note-body">The words &quot;The Congress further declares *&#160;*&#160;* as expressed in the National Defense Act of 1916 as amended&quot; and &quot;It is the intent of Congress that&quot; are omitted as surplusage. The words &quot;United States&quot; are substituted for the words &quot;our&quot; and &quot;this Nation&quot;. The words &quot;more *&#160;*&#160;* than are in&quot; are substituted for the words &quot;in excess of those&quot;. The words &quot;Federal duty&quot; are substituted for the words &quot;military service of the United States&quot;. The words &quot;as long as so needed&quot; are substituted for the words &quot;so long as such necessity exists&quot;.</p> <!-- field-end:historicalandrevision-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- documentid:32_103 usckey:320000000010300000000000000000000 currentthrough:20140116 documentPDFPage:5 --> <!-- itempath:/320/CHAPTER 1/Sec. 103 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAE --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD!@!CHAPTER 1-ORGANIZATION!@!Sec. 103 --> <!-- field-start:head --> <h3 class="section-head">&sect;103. Branches and organizations</h3> <!-- field-end:head --> <!-- field-start:statute --> <p class="statutory-body">The Army National Guard of each State, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam, and the Virgin Islands includes such members of the staff corps corresponding to the staff corps of the Army as the Secretary of the Army may authorize.</p> <!-- field-end:statute --> <!-- field-start:sourcecredit --> <p class="source-credit">(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 597; Pub. L. 100&ndash;456, div. A, title XII, &sect;1234(b)(1), Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 2059; Pub. L. 109&ndash;163, div. A, title X, &sect;1057(b)(2), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3441.)</p> <!-- field-end:sourcecredit --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:historicalandrevision-note --> <table class="uschistrev" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Historical and Revision Notes</cap-smallcap></caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Revised section</em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Source (U.S. Code)</em></th><th id="row0col2"><em>Source (Statutes at Large)</em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">103</td> <td class="middle">32:9.</td> <td class="right">July 9, 1918, ch. 143 (proviso of 13th par. under &quot;National Guard&quot;), 40 Stat. 875.</td> </tr> </table> <p class="note-body">The word &quot;members&quot; is substituted for the words &quot;officers and enlisted men&quot;. The word &quot;Regular&quot; is omitted, since the organization is now prescribed for the Army, and the Regular Army is only a personnel category.</p> <!-- field-end:historicalandrevision-note --> <!-- field-start:amendment-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4> <p class="note-body"><b>2006</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 109&ndash;163 substituted &quot;State, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam, and the Virgin Islands&quot; for &quot;State and Territory, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia&quot;.</p> <p class="note-body"><b>1988</b>&mdash;Pub. L. 100&ndash;456 struck out &quot;the Canal Zone,&quot; after &quot;Puerto Rico,&quot;.</p> <!-- field-end:amendment-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- documentid:32_104 usckey:320000000010400000000000000000000 currentthrough:20140116 documentPDFPage:5 --> <!-- itempath:/320/CHAPTER 1/Sec. 104 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAF --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD!@!CHAPTER 1-ORGANIZATION!@!Sec. 104 --> <!-- field-start:head --> <h3 class="section-head">&sect;104. Units: location; organization; command</h3> <!-- field-end:head --> <!-- field-start:statute --> <p class="statutory-body">(a) Each State, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands may fix the location of the units and headquarters of its National Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body">(b) Except as otherwise specifically provided in this title, the organization of the Army National Guard and the composition of its units shall be the same as those prescribed for the Army, subject, in time of peace, to such general exceptions as the Secretary of the Army may authorize; and the organization of the Air National Guard and the composition of its units shall be the same as those prescribed for the Air Force, subject, in time of peace, to such general exceptions as the Secretary of the Air Force may authorize.</p> <p class="statutory-body">(c) To secure a force the units of which when combined will form complete higher tactical units, the President may designate the units of the National Guard, by branch of the Army or organization of the Air Force, to be maintained in each State, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam, and the Virgin Islands. However, no change in the branch, organization, or allotment of a unit located entirely within a State may be made without the approval of its governor.</p> <p class="statutory-body">(d) To maintain appropriate organization and to assist in training and instruction, the President may assign the National Guard to divisions, wings, and other tactical units, and may detail commissioned officers of the National Guard or of the Regular Army or the Regular Air Force, as the case may be, to command those units. However, the commanding officer of a unit organized wholly within a State, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam, or the Virgin Islands may not be displaced under this subsection.</p> <p class="statutory-body">(e) To insure prompt mobilization of the National Guard in time of war or other emergency, the President may, in time of peace, detail a commissioned officer of the Regular Army to perform the duties of chief of staff for each fully organized division of the Army National Guard, and a commissioned officer of the Regular Air Force to perform the duties of the corresponding position for each fully organized wing of the Air National Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body">(f) Unless the President consents&mdash;</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(1) an organization of the National Guard whose members have received compensation from the United States as members of the National Guard may not be disbanded; and</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(2) the actual strength of such an organization in commissioned officers or enlisted members may not be reduced below the minimum strength prescribed by the President.</p> <!-- field-end:statute --> <!-- field-start:sourcecredit --> <p class="source-credit">(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041…

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