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    US Code, Title 32 (1996 edition)

    US Code, Title 32 (1996 edition) — NATIONAL GUARD

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    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="usc.css" /> <title>U.S.C. Title 32 - NATIONAL GUARD <!-- AUTHORITIES-PUBLICATION-NAME:1994 Edition and Supplement II --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-PUBLICATION-ID:1994SUPP296 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-PUBLICATION-YEAR:1996 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-LAWS-ENACTED-THROUGH-DATE:19970106 --> <!-- SEARCHABLE-LAWS-ENACTED-THROUGH-DATE:January 6th, 1997 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-USC-TITLE-NAME:TITLE 32 - NATIONAL GUARD --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-USC-TITLE-ENUM:32 --> <!-- AUTHORITIES-USC-TITLE-STATUS:positive-law --> <!-- CONVERSION-PROGRAM:xy2html.pm-0.329-20100225 --> <!-- CONVERSION-DATETIME:20100225144628 --> </title> </head> <body> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;">32 U.S.C. </span><br/> <span style="font-size:10pt">United States Code, 1996 Edition</span><br/> <span style="font-size:10pt">Title 32 - NATIONAL GUARD</span><br/> <span style="font-size:10pt">From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, <a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a></span><br/><br/> <div width="700"> <!-- PDFPage:1 --> <!-- documentid:32_ currentthrough:19970106 documentPDFPage:-1 --> <!-- itempath:/320 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAA --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD --> <!-- field-start:titlehead --> <h1 class="usc-title-head">TITLE 32&mdash;NATIONAL GUARD</h1> <!-- field-end:titlehead --> <!-- field-start:titleenactmentcredit --> <p class="usc-title-ital-spanner">This title was enacted by act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, &sect;2, 70A Stat. 596</p> <!-- field-end:titleenactmentcredit --> <!-- field-start:analysis --> <div class="analysis"> <div><div class="analysis-head-left">Chap.</div><div class="analysis-head-right">Sec.</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">1.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Organization</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">101</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">3.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Personnel</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">301</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">5.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Training</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">501</div></div> <div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-left">7.</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-center">Service, Supply, and Procurement</div><div class="three-column-analysis-style-content-right">701</div></div> </div> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <table class="uscdispo2col" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Table Showing Disposition of All Sections of Former Title </cap-smallcap>32</caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Title&nbsp;32 <p class="intabledata">Former&nbsp;Sections<p/></em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Title&nbsp;32 <p class="intabledata">New&nbsp;Sections<p/></em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">1</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;311</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">2</td> <td class="right">101; T. 10 &sect;101</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">3</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;312</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">4</td> <td class="right">305, 313</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">4a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">4b</td> <td class="right">101; T. 10 &sect;101</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">4c (1st 33 words)</td> <td class="right">101; T. 10 &sect;101</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">4c (less 1st 33 words)</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">5, 6</td> <td class="right">104</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">7</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">8</td> <td class="right">104</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">9</td> <td class="right">103</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">10 (proviso)</td> <td class="right">104</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">10 (less proviso)</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3542, 8542</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">11&ndash;14</td> <td class="right">314</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">15</td> <td class="right">105</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">16</td> <td class="right">104</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">17</td> <td class="right">110</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">18&ndash;20</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">21</td> <td class="right">106</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">22</td> <td class="right">107</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">23</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">24</td> <td class="right">108</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">25</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">26</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">31</td> <td class="right">701</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">32</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">33</td> <td class="right">702</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">34</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">35</td> <td class="right">702</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">36</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">37</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">38</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">39, 39a</td> <td class="right">703</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">40</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">42, 42a</td> <td class="right">709</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">43</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">44</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">45</td> <td class="right">712</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">46</td> <td class="right">711</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">47</td> <td class="right">710</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">47&ndash;1, 47a</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">47b, 48</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">49, 50</td> <td class="right">708</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">51</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">61</td> <td class="right">501</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">62</td> <td class="right">502</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">63</td> <td class="right">503</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">64</td> <td class="right">504</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">65</td> <td class="right">505</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">66, 67</td> <td class="right">506</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">68, 69</td> <td class="right">315</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">70</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">71</td> <td class="right">507</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">72</td> <td class="right">317</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">73</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">74</td> <td class="right">707</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">75</td> <td class="right">Rep. See T. 5 &sect;&sect;502, 3551, 5534, 6323(a), (b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">76</td> <td class="right">Rep. See T. 5 &sect;6323(a), (b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">81</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">81a</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3500, 8500</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">81b</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3501, 8501</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">81c</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">82</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3499, 8499</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">83</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3502, 8502</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">84</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">85, 86</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">91</td> <td class="right">326</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">92</td> <td class="right">327</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">93</td> <td class="right">328</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">94</td> <td class="right">329</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">95</td> <td class="right">330</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">96</td> <td class="right">331</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">97</td> <td class="right">332, 333</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">111</td> <td class="right">305, 307</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">112</td> <td class="right">312</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">113</td> <td class="right">307</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">113a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">114</td> <td class="right">324</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">115</td> <td class="right">323; T. 10 &sect;&sect;3820, 8820</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">121, 122</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">123</td> <td class="right">304</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">124</td> <td class="right">302</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">125</td> <td class="right">322</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">131</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">132, 133</td> <td class="right">303</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">134</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">141, 142</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">142a&ndash;143a</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">144&ndash;148</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">149&ndash;152</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">153</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">154 (last proviso of 2d par.)</td> <td class="right">710</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">154 (2d par., less last proviso)</td> <td class="right">T. 31 &sect;698a</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">154 (last par.)</td> <td class="right">303, 322, 323</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">154 (less 2d and last pars.)</td> <td class="right">Rep. See T. 37 &sect;&sect;206(a), (b), 402(b)</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">155</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">156</td> <td class="right">705; T. 10 &sect;&sect;4621, 9621</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">157</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">158</td> <td class="right">503</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">159, 160</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">160a</td> <td class="right">318, 321; T. 10 &sect;&sect;3687, 3688, 3721, 8687, 8688, 8721</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">160b</td> <td class="right">3687 nt.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">160c&ndash;164</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">164a, 164b</td> <td class="right">319</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">164c</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">164d</td> <td class="right">320; T. 10 &sect;&sect;3723, 8723</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">164e</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">171</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">172, 173</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;3015</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">174</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3541, 8541</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">175</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;3496, 8496</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">176</td> <td class="right">T. 31 &sect;698</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">181</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4308</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">181a</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4312</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">181b</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;&sect;4312, 4313</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">181c</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4308</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">181d, 181e</td> <td class="right">Elim.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">182</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4307</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">183</td> <td class="right">316; T. 10 &sect;4310</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">184</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4310</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">185</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">186</td> <td class="right">T. 10 &sect;4309</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">191</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">192, 193</td> <td class="right">104 nt.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">194(b)</td> <td class="right">109. Rep. in part.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">194 (less (b))</td> <td class="right">109</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">195</td> <td class="right">Rep.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">196</td> <td class="right">713</td> </tr> </table> <!-- field-end:analysis --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:miscellaneous-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Positive Law; Citation</h4> <p class="note-body">This title has been made positive law by section 2 of act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 596, which provided in part that: &ldquo;Title 32 of the United States Code, entitled &lsquo;National Guard&rsquo;, is revised, codified, and enacted into law, and may be cited as &lsquo;Title 32, United States Code, &sect;&mdash;.&rsquo;&nbsp;&rdquo;</p> <!-- field-end:miscellaneous-note --> <!-- field-start:repeal-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Repeals</h4> <p class="note-body">Section 53 of act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 641, repealed the sections or parts of sections of the Revised Statutes or Statutes at Large covering provisions codi<!-- PDFPage:2 -->fied in this act, &ldquo;except with respect to rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun, before the effective date of this act [Aug. 10, 1956] and except as provided in section 49&rdquo;.</p> <!-- field-end:repeal-note --> <!-- field-start:severability-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Savings and Severability Provisions</h4> <p class="note-body">Section 49 of act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 640, provided that:</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(a) In sections 1&ndash;48 of this Act, it is the legislative purpose to restate, without substantive change, the law replaced by those sections on the effective date of this Act. However, laws effective after March 31, 1955, that are inconsistent with this Act shall be considered as superseding it to the extent of the inconsistency.</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(b) References that other laws, regulations, and orders make to the replaced law shall be considered to be made to the corresponding provisions of sections 1&ndash;48.</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(c) Actions taken and offenses committed under the replaced law shall be considered to have been taken or committed under the corresponding provisions of sections 1&ndash;48.</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(d) If a part of this Act is invalid, all valid parts that are severable from the invalid part remain in effect. If a part of this Act is invalid in one or more of its applications, the part remains in effect in all valid applications that are severable from the invalid applications.</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(e) In chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code, enacted by section 1 of this Act, no inference of a legislative construction is to be drawn from the part in which any article is placed nor from the catchlines of the part or the article as set out in that chapter.</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(f) The enactment of this Act does not increase or decrease the pay or allowances, including retired pay and retainer pay, of any person.</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(g) The enactment of this Act does not affect the status of persons who, on the effective date of this Act, have the status of warrant officer, of the Army Mine Planter Service.&rdquo;</p> <!-- field-end:severability-note --> <!-- field-start:miscellaneous-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Restatement of Suspended or Temporarily Superseded Provisions</h4> <p class="note-body">Section 50 of act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 640, provided that: &ldquo;If on the effective date of this Act a provision of law that is restated in this Act and repealed by section 53 would have been in a suspended or temporarily superseded status but for its repeal, the provisions of this Act that restate that provision have the same suspended or temporarily superseded status.&rdquo;</p> <!-- field-end:miscellaneous-note --> <!-- field-start:repeal-severability-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Improvement of United States Code by Pub. L. 85&ndash;861; Legislative Purpose; Repeal of Inconsistent Provisions; Corresponding Provisions; Savings and Severability Provisions; Status; Repeals</h4> <p class="note-body">Section 34 of Pub. L. 85&ndash;861 provided that:</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(a) In sections 1&ndash;32 of this Act, it is the legislative purpose to restate, without substantive change, the law replaced by those sections on the effective date of this Act. However, laws effective after December 31, 1957, that are inconsistent with this Act shall be considered as superseding it to the extent of the inconsistency.</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(b) References that other laws, regulations, and orders make to the replaced law shall be considered to be made to the corresponding provisions of sections 1&ndash;32.</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(c) Actions taken under the replaced law shall be considered to have been taken under the corresponding provisions of sections 1&ndash;32.</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(d) If a part of this Act is invalid, all valid parts that are severable from the invalid part remain in effect. If a part of this Act is invalid in one or more of its applications, the part remains in effect in all valid applications that are severable from the invalid applications.</p> <p class="note-body">&ldquo;(e) The enactment of this Act does not increase or decrease the pay or allowances, including retired and retainer pay, of any person.&rdquo;</p> <p class="note-body">Section 35 of Pub. L. 85&ndash;861 provided that: &ldquo;If on the effective date of this Act [Sept. 2, 1958] a provision of law that is restated in this Act and repealed by section 36 would have been in a suspended or temporarily superseded status but for its repeal, the provisions of this Act that restate that provision have the same suspended or temporarily superseded status.&rdquo;</p> <p class="note-body">Section 36 of Pub. L. 85&ndash;861 repealed certain laws except with respect to rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun, before Sept. 2, 1958.</p> <!-- field-end:repeal-severability-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- field-start:secref --> <h4 class="note-head">Title Referred to in Other Sections</h4> <!-- field-end:secref --> <!-- field-start:sectionreferredto --> <p class="note-body">This title is referred to in title 10 sections 10216, 14317; title 36 section 5507.</p> <!-- field-end:sectionreferredto --> <!-- documentid:32_-ch1 currentthrough:19970106 documentPDFPage:2 --> <!-- itempath:/320/CHAPTER 1 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAB --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD!@!CHAPTER 1-ORGANIZATION --> <!-- field-start:structuralhead --> <h3 class="chapter-head"><strong>CHAPTER 1&mdash;ORGANIZATION</strong></h3> <!-- field-end:structuralhead --> <!-- field-start:analysis --> <div class="analysis"> <div><div class="analysis-head-left">Sec.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">101.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Definitions.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">102.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">General policy.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">103.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Branches and organizations.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">104.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Units: location; organization; command.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">105.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Inspection.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">106.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Annual appropriations.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">107.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Availability of appropriations.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">108.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Forfeiture of Federal benefits.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">109.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Maintenance of other troops.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">110.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Regulations.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">111.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Suspension of certain provisions of this title.</div></div> <div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-left">112.</div><div class="two-column-analysis-style-content-right">Drug interdiction and counter-drug activities.</div></div> </div> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <!-- field-end:analysis --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:amendment-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4> <p class="note-body">1989&mdash;Pub. L. 101&ndash;189, div. A, title XII, &sect;1207(a)(2), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1566, added item 112.</p> <p class="note-body">1971&mdash;Pub. L. 92&ndash;119, &sect;1(b), Aug. 13, 1971, 85 Stat. 340, substituted &ldquo;Availability&rdquo; for &ldquo;Apportionment&rdquo; in item 107.</p> <p class="note-body">1958&mdash;Pub. L. 85&ndash;861, &sect;2(4), Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1543, added item 111.</p> <!-- field-end:amendment-note --> <!-- field-start:crossreference-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Cross References</h4> <p class="note-body">Army National Guard of United States and Air National Guard of United States&mdash;</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Active Federal service, see section 12401 of Title 10, Armed Forces.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Component of Army and Air Force, see sections 10106 and 10112 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Composition, see sections 10105 and 10111 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Enlistment, see sections 12102 and 12107 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Inactive status of reserves assigned to inactive Army National Guard or inactive Air National Guard, see section 10141 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Officers, discharge, see section 14907 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Ready Reserve as including units and members of, see section 10145 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Reserve components, see section 10101 et seq. of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Reserve Forces Policy Board membership to include two members each from, see section 10301 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Status when not in Federal service, see sections 10107 and 10113 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Strength, see section 12001 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Transfer of members from Ready Reserve to Standby Reserve, see section 10146 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Transfer of members to Army Reserve or Air Force Reserve, see sections 12105, 12213, and 12214 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body">Insurrection, see section 331 et seq. of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body">Militia of District of Columbia, see D.C. Code, &sect;39&ndash;101 et seq.</p> <p class="note-body">National Guard Bureau&mdash;</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Assignment of regular or reserve officers of Army or Air Force, see section 10507 of Title 10, Armed Forces.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Chief, appointment, see section 10502 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body-flush2_hang3">Commissioned officers of Army National Guard of United States and Air National Guard of United States, duty in Bureau, see section 12402 of Title 10.</p> <!-- PDFPage:3 --><p class="note-body">Organized militia as including the National Guard, see section 311 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body">Policies and regulations for government of Army National Guard of United States and Army Reserve, Air National Guard of United States and Air Force Reserve, see sections 10302 and 10305 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body">Reserve components, standards and procedures for retention and promotion, see section 12641 et seq. of Title 10.</p> <!-- field-end:crossreference-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- documentid:32_101 usckey:320000000010100000000000000000000 currentthrough:19970106 documentPDFPage:3 --> <!-- itempath:/320/CHAPTER 1/Sec. 101 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAC --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD!@!CHAPTER 1-ORGANIZATION!@!Sec. 101 --> <!-- field-start:head --> <h3 class="section-head">&sect;101. Definitions</h3> <!-- field-end:head --> <!-- field-start:statute --> <p class="statutory-body">In addition to the definitions in sections 1&ndash;5 of title 1, the following definitions apply in this title:</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(1) &ldquo;Territory&rdquo; means any Territory organized after this title is enacted, so long as it remains a Territory. However, for purposes of this title and other laws relating to the militia, the National Guard, the Army National Guard of the United States, and the Air National Guard of the United States, &ldquo;Territory&rdquo; includes Guam and the Virgin Islands.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(2) &ldquo;Armed forces&rdquo; means the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(3) &ldquo;National Guard&rdquo; means the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(4) &ldquo;Army National Guard&rdquo; means that part of the organized militia of the several States and Territories, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, active and inactive, that&mdash;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(A) is a land force;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(B) is trained, and has its officers appointed, under the sixteenth clause of section 8, article I, of the Constitution;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(C) is organized, armed, and equipped wholly or partly at Federal expense; and</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(D) is federally recognized.</p> <br class="Q04" /> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(5) &ldquo;Army National Guard of the United States&rdquo; means the reserve component of the Army all of whose members are members of the Army National Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(6) &ldquo;Air National Guard&rdquo; means that part of the organized militia of the several States and Territories, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, active and inactive, that&mdash;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(A) is an air force;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(B) is trained, and has its officers appointed, under the sixteenth clause of section 8, article I of the Constitution;</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(C) is organized, armed, and equipped wholly or partly at Federal expense; and</p> <p class="statutory-body-2em">(D) is federally recognized.</p> <br class="Q04" /> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(7) &ldquo;Air National Guard of the United States&rdquo; means the reserve component of the Air Force all of whose members are members of the Air National Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(8) &ldquo;Officer&rdquo; means commissioned or warrant officer.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(9) &ldquo;Enlisted member&rdquo; means a person enlisted in, or inducted, called, or conscripted into, an armed force in an enlisted grade.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(10) &ldquo;Grade&rdquo; means a step or degree, in a graduated scale of office or military rank, that is established and designated as a grade by law or regulation.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(11) &ldquo;Rank&rdquo; means the order of precedence among members of the armed forces.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(12) &ldquo;Active duty&rdquo; means full-time duty in the active military service of the United States. It includes such Federal duty as full-time training duty, annual training duty, and attendance, while in the active military service, at a school designated as a service school by law or by the Secretary of the military department concerned. It does not include full-time National Guard duty.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(13) &ldquo;Supplies&rdquo; includes material, equipment, and stores of all kinds.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(14) &ldquo;Shall&rdquo; is used in an imperative sense.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(15) &ldquo;May&rdquo; is used in a permissive sense. The words &ldquo;no person may *&nbsp;*&nbsp;*&rdquo; mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to do the act prescribed.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(16) &ldquo;Includes&rdquo; means &ldquo;includes but is not limited to&rdquo;.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(17) &ldquo;Pay&rdquo; includes basic pay, special pay, incentive pay, retired pay, and equivalent pay, but does not include allowances.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(18) &ldquo;Spouse&rdquo; means husband or wife, as the case may be.</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(19) &ldquo;Full-time National Guard duty&rdquo; means training or other duty, other than inactive duty, performed by a member of the Army National Guard of the United States or the Air National Guard of the United States in the member's status as a member of the National Guard of a State or territory, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the District of Columbia under section 316, 502, 503, 504, or 505 of this title for which the member is entitled to pay from the United States or for which the member has waived pay from the United States.</p> <!-- field-end:statute --> <!-- field-start:sourcecredit --> <p class="source-credit">(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 596; Sept. 2, 1958, Pub. L. 85&ndash;861, &sect;2(1), 72 Stat. 1542; June 25, 1959, Pub. L. 86&ndash;70, &sect;27, 73 Stat. 148; July 12, 1960, Pub. L. 86&ndash;624, &sect;22, 74 Stat. 417; Oct. 13, 1972, Pub. L. 92&ndash;492, &sect;2(a), 86 Stat. 810; Dec. 12, 1980, Pub. L. 96&ndash;513, title V, &sect;507(a), 94 Stat. 2919; Dec. 24, 1980, Pub. L. 96&ndash;600, &sect;3(a), 94 Stat. 3493; Oct. 19, 1984, Pub. L. 98&ndash;525, title IV, &sect;414(b)(1), 98 Stat. 2519; Sept. 29, 1988, Pub. L. 100&ndash;456, div. A, title XII, &sect;1234(b)(1), 102 Stat. 2059.)</p> <!-- field-end:sourcecredit --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:historicalandrevision-note --> <table class="uschistrev" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Historical and Revision Notes</cap-smallcap><br />1956 <cap-smallcap>Act</cap-smallcap></caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Revised section</em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Source (U.S. Code)</em></th><th id="row0col2"><em>Source (Statutes at Large)</em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">101(1)<p class="intabledata">101(2)<p/><p class="intabledata">101(3)<p/></td> <td class="middle">32:4c (1st 33 words).<p class="intabledata">[No source].<p/><p class="intabledata">32:2.<p/><p class="intabledata">32:4b. <p/></td> <td class="right">June 3, 1916, ch. 134, &sect;62 (1st 36 words of last proviso), 39 Stat. 198.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">101(4)</td> <td class="middle">50:1112(a) (for definition purposes).</td> <td class="right">June 3, 1916, ch. 134, &sect;117, 39 Stat. 212.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">101(5)<p class="intabledata"><p/>&nbsp;<p class="intabledata"><p/>&nbsp;<p class="intabledata">101(6)<p/><p class="intabledata"><p/>&nbsp;<p class="intabledata"><p/>&nbsp;<p class="intabledata">101(7)<p/><p class="intabledata">101(8)<p/><p class="intabledata">101(9)<p/><p class="intabledata">101(10)<p/><p class="intabledata">101(11)<p/><p class="intabledata">101(12)<p/><p class="intabledata">101(13)<p/><p class="intabledata">101(14)<p/><p class="intabledata">101(15)<p/><p class="intabledata">101(16)<p/></td> <td class="middle">10:1835 (less last 16 words).<p class="intabledata">32:2.<p/><p class="intabledata">32:4b.<p/><p class="intabledata">50:1112(b) (for definition purposes).<p/><p class="intabledata">[No source].<p/><p class="intabledata">[No source].<p/><p class="intabledata">[No source].<p/><p class="intabledata">[No source].<p/><p class="intabledata">[No source].<p/><p class="intabledata">[No source].<p/><p class="intabledata">[No source].<p/><p class="intabledata">[No source].<p/><p class="intabledata">[No source].<p/><p class="intabledata">[No source].<p/></td> <td class="right">June 3, 1916, ch. 134, &sect;71; added June 15, 1933, ch. 87, &sect;9, 48 Stat. 157; Oct. 12, 1949, ch. 681, &sect;530, 63 Stat. 837; July 9, 1952, ch. 608, &sect;803 (9th par.), 66 Stat. 505.<p class="intabledata">July 9, 1952, ch. 608, &sect;702 (for definition purposes), 66 Stat. 501.<p/><p class="intabledata">Sept. 19, 1951, ch. 407, &sect;305 (less last 16 words), 65 Stat. 330.<p/></td> </tr> </table> <p class="note-body">The definitions in clauses (2) and (9)&ndash;(17) reflect the adoption of terminology which, though undefined in the source statutes restated in this title, represent the closest practicable approximation of the ways in which the terms defined have been most commonly used. Where established uses conflict, a choice has been made.</p> <p class="note-body">In clause (1), the definition of &ldquo;Territory&rdquo; in 32:4c is executed throughout this revised title by specific ref<!-- PDFPage:4 -->erence, where applicable, to the Territories, Puerto Rico, and the Canal Zone.</p> <p class="note-body">In clause (2), a definition of &ldquo;National Guard&rdquo; is inserted for clarity.</p> <p class="note-body">In clause (3)(A), the words &ldquo;a land force&rdquo; are substituted for 32:2. The National Defense Act of 1916, &sect;117 (last 66 words), 39 Stat. 212, is not contained in 32:2. It is also omitted from the revised section as repealed by the act of February 28, 1925, ch. 374, &sect;3, 43 Stat. 1081.</p> <p class="note-body">In clauses (3) and (4), the word &ldquo;Army&rdquo; is inserted to distinguish the organizations defined from their Air Force counterparts.</p> <p class="note-body">In clauses (3) and (5), the words &ldquo;unless the context or subject matter otherwise requires&mdash;&rdquo; and &ldquo;as provided in this title&rdquo;, in 32:4b, are omitted as surplusage.</p> <p class="note-body">In clauses (3)(B) and (5)(B), the words &ldquo;has its officers appointed&rdquo; are substituted for the word &ldquo;officered&rdquo;, in 32:4b.</p> <p class="note-body">In clauses (4) and (6), only that much of the description of the composition of the Army National Guard of the United States and the Air National Guard of the United States is used as is necessary to distinguish these reserve components, respectively, from the other reserve components.</p> <p class="note-body">In clause (5)(A), the words &ldquo;an air force&rdquo; are substituted for the words &ldquo;for which Federal responsibility has been vested in the Secretary of the Air Force or the Department of the Air Force pursuant to law&rdquo;, in 10:1835, and for 32:2 (less applicability to Army National Guard), to make the definition of &ldquo;Air National Guard&rdquo; parallel with the definition of &ldquo;Army National Guard&rdquo;, and to make explicit the intent of Congress in creating the Air National Guard, that the organized militia henceforth should consist of three mutually exhaustive classes comprising the Army, Air, and Naval militia.</p> <p class="note-body">In clause (8), words showing how enlisted members became such are inserted to make clear that enlistment is not the only method of becoming a member in an enlisted grade.</p> <table class="uscdispo2col" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption>1958 <cap-smallcap>Act</cap-smallcap></caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Section of title 32</em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Source (U.S. Code)</em></th><th id="row0col2"><em>Source (Statutes at Large)</em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">101(2)</td> <td class="middle">[No source].</td> <td class="right">[No source].</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">101(18)</td> <td class="middle">[No source].</td> <td class="right">[No source].</td> </tr> </table> <p class="note-body">In clause (2), the term &ldquo;armed forces&rdquo; is defined for legislative convenience and is defined the same as that term is defined in section 101(4) of title 10, United States Code.</p> <p class="note-body">The definition in clause (18) reflects the adoption of terminology which, though undefined in the source statutes restated in this title, represents the closest practicable approximation of the ways in which the term has been commonly used.</p> <!-- field-end:historicalandrevision-note --> <!-- field-start:amendment-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4> <p class="note-body">1988&mdash;Cls. (4), (6). Pub. L. 100&ndash;456 struck out &ldquo;the Canal Zone,&rdquo; after &ldquo;Puerto Rico,&rdquo;.</p> <p class="note-body">1984&mdash;Cl. (12). Pub. L. 98&ndash;525, &sect;414(b)(1)(A), inserted at end &ldquo;It does not include full-time National Guard duty.&rdquo;</p> <p class="note-body">Cl. (19). Pub. L. 98&ndash;525, &sect;414(b)(1)(B), added cl. (19).</p> <p class="note-body">1980&mdash;Cl. (1). Pub. L. 96&ndash;600 inserted reference to Guam.</p> <p class="note-body">Cl. (12). Pub. L. 96&ndash;513 struck out &ldquo;duty on the active list,&rdquo; after &ldquo;Federal duty as&rdquo;.</p> <p class="note-body">1972&mdash;Cl. (1). Pub. L. 92&ndash;492 inserted provision including within term &ldquo;Territory&rdquo; for purposes of this title and other laws relating to the militia, the National Guard, the Army National Guard of the United States, and the Air National Guard of the United States, the Virgin Islands.</p> <p class="note-body">1960&mdash;Cl. (1). Pub. L. 86&ndash;624 struck out reference to Hawaii.</p> <p class="note-body">1959&mdash;Cl. (1). Pub. L. 86&ndash;70 struck out reference to Alaska.</p> <p class="note-body">1958&mdash;Cls. (2) to (18). Pub. L. 85&ndash;861 added cls. (2) and (18) and renumbered former cls. (2) to (16) as (3) to (17), respectively.</p> <!-- field-end:amendment-note --> <!-- field-start:effectivedate-amendment-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Effective Date of 1980 Amendment</h4> <p class="note-body">Amendment by Pub. L. 96&ndash;513 effective Sept. 15, 1981, see section 701(a) of Pub. L. 96&ndash;513, set out as a note under section 101 of Title 10, Armed Forces.</p> <!-- field-end:effectivedate-amendment-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- field-start:secref --> <h4 class="note-head">Section Referred to in Other Sections</h4> <!-- field-end:secref --> <!-- field-start:sectionreferredto --> <p class="note-body">This section is referred to in title 5 section 6323; title 10 section 101; title 28 section 2671.</p> <!-- field-end:sectionreferredto --> <!-- documentid:32_102 usckey:320000000010200000000000000000000 currentthrough:19970106 documentPDFPage:4 --> <!-- itempath:/320/CHAPTER 1/Sec. 102 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAD --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD!@!CHAPTER 1-ORGANIZATION!@!Sec. 102 --> <!-- field-start:head --> <h3 class="section-head">&sect;102. General policy</h3> <!-- field-end:head --> <!-- field-start:statute --> <p class="statutory-body">In accordance with the traditional military policy of the United States, it is essential that the strength and organization of the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard as an integral part of the first line defenses of the United States be maintained and assured at all times. Whenever Congress determines that more units and organizations are needed for the national security than are in the regular components of the ground and air forces, the Army National Guard of the United States and the Air National Guard of the United States, or such parts of them as are needed, together with such units of other reserve components as are necessary for a balanced force, shall be ordered to active Federal duty and retained as long as so needed.</p> <!-- field-end:statute --> <!-- field-start:sourcecredit --> <p class="source-credit">(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 597.)</p> <!-- field-end:sourcecredit --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:historicalandrevision-note --> <table class="uschistrev" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Historical and Revision Notes</cap-smallcap></caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Revised section</em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Source (U.S. Code)</em></th><th id="row0col2"><em>Source (Statutes at Large)</em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">102</td> <td class="middle">50:921(b).</td> <td class="right">July 9, 1952, ch. 608, &sect;201(b), 66 Stat. 482.</td> </tr> </table> <p class="note-body">The words &ldquo;The Congress further declares *&nbsp;*&nbsp;* as expressed in the National Defense Act of 1916 as amended&rdquo; and &ldquo;It is the intent of Congress that&rdquo; are omitted as surplusage. The words &ldquo;United States&rdquo; are substituted for the words &ldquo;our&rdquo; and &ldquo;this Nation&rdquo;. The words &ldquo;more *&nbsp;*&nbsp;* than are in&rdquo; are substituted for the words &ldquo;in excess of those&rdquo;. The words &ldquo;Federal duty&rdquo; are substituted for the words &ldquo;military service of the United States&rdquo;. The words &ldquo;as long as so needed&rdquo; are substituted for the words &ldquo;so long as such necessity exists&rdquo;.</p> <!-- field-end:historicalandrevision-note --> <!-- field-start:crossreference-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Cross References</h4> <p class="note-body">Active duty of reserve components generally, see section 12301 of Title 10, Armed Forces.</p> <p class="note-body">Active Federal service, see section 12401 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body">Basic policy for order into Federal service, see section 10103 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body">Call into Federal service, see section 12406 of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body">Insurrection, see section 331 et seq. of Title 10.</p> <p class="note-body">Reserve components, see section 10101 et seq. of Title 10.</p> <!-- field-end:crossreference-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- documentid:32_103 usckey:320000000010300000000000000000000 currentthrough:19970106 documentPDFPage:4 --> <!-- itempath:/320/CHAPTER 1/Sec. 103 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAE --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD!@!CHAPTER 1-ORGANIZATION!@!Sec. 103 --> <!-- field-start:head --> <h3 class="section-head">&sect;103. Branches and organizations</h3> <!-- field-end:head --> <!-- field-start:statute --> <p class="statutory-body">The Army National Guard of each State and Territory, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia includes such members of the staff corps corresponding to the staff corps of the Army as the Secretary of the Army may authorize.</p> <!-- field-end:statute --> <!-- field-start:sourcecredit --> <p class="source-credit">(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 597; Sept. 29, 1988, Pub. L. 100&ndash;456, div. A, title XII, &sect;1234(b)(1), 102 Stat. 2059.)</p> <!-- PDFPage:5 --><!-- field-end:sourcecredit --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:historicalandrevision-note --> <table class="uschistrev" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Historical and Revision Notes</cap-smallcap></caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Revised section</em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Source (U.S. Code)</em></th><th id="row0col2"><em>Source (Statutes at Large)</em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">103</td> <td class="middle">32:9.</td> <td class="right">July 9, 1918, ch. 143 (proviso of 13th par. under &ldquo;National Guard&rdquo;), 40 Stat. 875.</td> </tr> </table> <p class="note-body">The word &ldquo;members&rdquo; is substituted for the words &ldquo;officers and enlisted men&rdquo;. The word &ldquo;Regular&rdquo; is omitted, since the organization is now prescribed for the Army, and the Regular Army is only a personnel category.</p> <!-- field-end:historicalandrevision-note --> <!-- field-start:amendment-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Amendments</h4> <p class="note-body">1988&mdash;Pub. L. 100&ndash;456 struck out &ldquo;the Canal Zone,&rdquo; after &ldquo;Puerto Rico,&rdquo;.</p> <!-- field-end:amendment-note --> <!-- field-start:crossreference-note --> <h4 class="note-head">Cross References</h4> <p class="note-body">Appointment of National Guard officers as Reserve officers upon Federal recognition, see sections 12211 and 12212 of Title 10, Armed Forces.</p> <p class="note-body">Army Staff, see section 3031 et seq. of Title 10.</p> <!-- field-end:crossreference-note --> <!-- field-end:notes --> <!-- documentid:32_104 usckey:320000000010400000000000000000000 currentthrough:19970106 documentPDFPage:5 --> <!-- itempath:/320/CHAPTER 1/Sec. 104 --> <!-- itemsortkey:320AAAF --> <!-- expcite:TITLE 32-NATIONAL GUARD!@!CHAPTER 1-ORGANIZATION!@!Sec. 104 --> <!-- field-start:head --> <h3 class="section-head">&sect;104. Units: location; organization; command</h3> <!-- field-end:head --> <!-- field-start:statute --> <p class="statutory-body">(a) Each State or Territory and Puerto Rico may fix the location of the units and headquarters of its National Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body">(b) Except as otherwise specifically provided in this title, the organization of the Army National Guard and the composition of its units shall be the same as those prescribed for the Army, subject, in time of peace, to such general exceptions as the Secretary of the Army may authorize; and the organization of the Air National Guard and the composition of its units shall be the same as those prescribed for the Air Force, subject, in time of peace, to such general exceptions as the Secretary of the Air Force may authorize.</p> <p class="statutory-body">(c) To secure a force the units of which when combined will form complete higher tactical units, the President may designate the units of the National Guard, by branch of the Army or organization of the Air Force, to be maintained in each State and Territory, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia. However, no change in the branch, organization, or allotment of a unit located entirely within a State may be made without the approval of its governor.</p> <p class="statutory-body">(d) To maintain appropriate organization and to assist in training and instruction, the President may assign the National Guard to divisions, wings, and other tactical units, and may detail commissioned officers of the National Guard or of the Regular Army or the Regular Air Force, as the case may be, to command those units. However, the commanding officer of a unit organized wholly within a State or Territory, Puerto Rico, or the District of Columbia may not be displaced under this subsection.</p> <p class="statutory-body">(e) To insure prompt mobilization of the National Guard in time of war or other emergency, the President may, in time of peace, detail a commissioned officer of the Regular Army to perform the duties of chief of staff for each fully organized division of the Army National Guard, and a commissioned officer of the Regular Air Force to perform the duties of the corresponding position for each fully organized wing of the Air National Guard.</p> <p class="statutory-body">(f) Unless the President consents&mdash;</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(1) an organization of the National Guard whose members have received compensation from the United States as members of the National Guard may not be disbanded; and</p> <p class="statutory-body-1em">(2) the actual strength of such an organization in commissioned officers or enlisted members may not be reduced below the minimum strength prescribed by the President.</p> <!-- field-end:statute --> <!-- field-start:sourcecredit --> <p class="source-credit">(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 598; Sept. 29, 1988, Pub. L. 100&ndash;456, div. A, title XII, &sect;1234(b)(1), (2), 102 Stat. 2059.)</p> <!-- field-end:sourcecredit --> <!-- field-start:notes --> <!-- field-start:historicalandrevision-note --> <table class="uschistrev" cellspacing="0" width="700"><caption><cap-smallcap>Historical and Revision Notes</cap-smallcap></caption> <tr><th id="row0col0"><em>Revised section</em></th><th id="row0col1"><em>Source (U.S. Code)</em></th><th id="row0col2"><em>Source (Statutes at Large)</em></th></tr> <tr> <td class="left">104(a)<p class="intabledata">104(b)<p/><p class="intabledata">104(c)<p/></td> <td class="middle">32:6.<p class="intabledata">32:5 (1st sentence).<p/><p class="intabledata">32:5 (less 1st sentence).<p/></td> <td class="right">June 3, 1916, ch. 134, &sect;&sect;64, 65 (proviso), 68, 39 Stat. 198&ndash;200.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="left">104(d)<p class="intabledata">104(e)<p/><p class="intabledata">104(f)<p/></td> <td class="middle">32:8.<p class="intabledata">32:10 (proviso).<p/><p class="intabledata">32:16.<p/></td> <td class="right">June 3, 1916, ch. 134, &sect;60; June 4, 1920, ch. 227 subch. I, &sect;36; restated June 15, 1933, ch. 87, &sect;6, 48 Stat. 156.</td> </tr> </table> <p class="note-body">In subsection (a), the words &ldquo;within their respective borders&rdquo; are omitted as surplusage.</p> <p class="note-body">In subsection (b), the word &ldquo;Army&rdquo; is substituted for the words &ldquo;Regular Army&rdquo;, since the Army is the category for which the organization is prescribed, and the Regular Army is a personnel category for which no organization is prescribed. Similarly, the words &ldquo;Air Force&rdquo; are used instead of the words &ldquo;Regular Air Force&rdquo;.</p> <p class="note-body">In subsection (c), the words &ldquo;by branch of the Army or organization of the Air Force&rdquo; are substituted for the words &ldquo;as to branch or arm o…

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